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Consumo real según ficha técnica, cuánto cubren tus placas en invierno y en verano, y ayudas: IRPF, IBI, CAE y comunidades.","intro",false,{"x1":592,"x2":593,"webpX1":594,"webpX2":595},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F90.png","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F90@2x.png","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F90.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F90@2x.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fsolarplus.es\u002Faerotermia","10\u002F07\u002F2023","09\u002F10\u002F2026",21,null,{"id":583,"name":602,"title":603,"intro":604,"created_at":605,"updated_at":605,"image":606},"Dianela Castellano","Especialista en fotovoltaica","Desde 2020 me dedico a la búsqueda de novedades en el sector fotovoltaico, contactando constantemente con instaladores especializados en el tema. 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Los equipos reversibles también enfrían la casa en verano. Por cada kWh de electricidad entrega, de media, entre 3 y 4 kWh de calor. Una instalación completa aire-agua, con calefacción y agua caliente, en una vivienda unifamiliar se presupuesta en 2026 entre ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":633,"children":634},{},[635],{"type":623,"value":636},"8.000 y 16.000 €",{"type":623,"value":638},". Poner suelo radiante o cambiar radiadores se paga aparte.",{"type":623,"value":640},"\n",{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":642,"children":643},{},[644,646,651],{"type":623,"value":645},"Con ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":647,"children":648},{},[649],{"type":623,"value":650},"aerotermia y placas solares",{"type":623,"value":652},", un tejado de 4 kWp cubre con margen el agua caliente si la calientas a mediodía, y en verano el sobrante puede ir al aire acondicionado. En invierno las placas solo cubren una parte de la calefacción. Abajo tienes los números de invierno y verano, el consumo real según ficha técnica y las ayudas que puedes pedir.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":655,"attrs":656,"children":658},"picture",{"class":657},"picture-css-class-here",[659,661,667,668,673,674,683],{"type":623,"value":660}," ",{"type":614,"tag":662,"attrs":663,"children":666},"source",{"type":664,"srcset":665},"image\u002Fwebp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002F90-aerotermia@2x.webp 2x, https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002F90-aerotermia.webp 1x",[],{"type":623,"value":660},{"type":614,"tag":662,"attrs":669,"children":672},{"type":670,"srcset":671},"image\u002Fjpeg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002F90-aerotermia@2x.png 2x, https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002F90-aerotermia.png 1x",[],{"type":623,"value":660},{"type":614,"tag":675,"attrs":676,"children":682},"img",{"alt":677,"class":678,"src":679,"srcset":680,"loading":681},"Esquema de una vivienda con aerotermia y placas solares en el tejado","lazyload css-class-here","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002F90-aerotermia.png","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002F90-aerotermia@2x.png 2x","lazy",[],{"type":623,"value":660},{"type":623,"value":685},"\n\n",{"type":614,"tag":687,"attrs":688,"children":691},"h2",{"id":689,"data-toc":690},"quees","Qué es",[692],{"type":623,"value":693},"¿Qué es la aerotermia y cómo funciona?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":696,"children":697},{},[698],{"type":623,"value":699},"Aerotermia es el nombre que se usa en España para la bomba de calor que aprovecha el aire. Hay otras dos familias: la geotermia toma el calor del subsuelo y la hidrotermia, del agua de un pozo, un río o el mar.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":702,"children":703},{},[704],{"type":623,"value":705},"Dentro de la aerotermia conviene distinguir dos tipos:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":708,"attrs":709,"children":710},"ul",{},[711,713,724,725,735],{"type":623,"value":712},"\n\t",{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":715,"children":716},"li",{},[717,722],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":718,"children":719},{},[720],{"type":623,"value":721},"Aire-agua",{"type":623,"value":723},": calienta agua para radiadores, suelo radiante y el agua caliente sanitaria (ACS, la de la ducha y los grifos). Es el sistema que sustituye a una caldera.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":726,"children":727},{},[728,733],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":729,"children":730},{},[731],{"type":623,"value":732},"Aire-aire",{"type":623,"value":734},": es el aire acondicionado con bomba de calor de toda la vida. Calienta o enfría el aire con splits, pero no da agua caliente.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":738,"children":739},{},[740],{"type":623,"value":741},"Aquí nos centramos en el aire-agua, el que sustituye a una caldera de gas o gasóleo.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":745,"children":747},"h3",{"id":746},"funcionamiento",[748],{"type":623,"value":749},"¿Cómo funciona?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":752,"children":753},{},[754],{"type":623,"value":755},"Funciona como una nevera al revés. En modo calefacción el ciclo es este:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":758,"attrs":759,"children":760},"ol",{},[761,762,774,775,787,788,800,801,812],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":763,"children":764},{},[765,767,772],{"type":623,"value":766},"Un gas refrigerante absorbe calor del aire exterior en el ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":768,"children":769},{},[770],{"type":623,"value":771},"evaporador",{"type":623,"value":773},", incluso con frío.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":776,"children":777},{},[778,780,785],{"type":623,"value":779},"El ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":781,"children":782},{},[783],{"type":623,"value":784},"compresor",{"type":623,"value":786},", que es lo que gasta electricidad, comprime ese gas y sube su temperatura.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":789,"children":790},{},[791,793,798],{"type":623,"value":792},"En el ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":794,"children":795},{},[796],{"type":623,"value":797},"condensador",{"type":623,"value":799},", el gas caliente cede su calor al agua de la calefacción o al depósito de ACS.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":802,"children":803},{},[804,805,810],{"type":623,"value":624},{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":806,"children":807},{},[808],{"type":623,"value":809},"válvula de expansión",{"type":623,"value":811}," baja la presión del refrigerante, que se enfría y vuelve a empezar.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":815,"children":816},{},[817],{"type":623,"value":818},"Dos siglas aparecen en todas las fichas técnicas:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":708,"attrs":821,"children":822},{},[823,824,834,835,845],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":825,"children":826},{},[827,832],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":828,"children":829},{},[830],{"type":623,"value":831},"COP",{"type":623,"value":833},": cuánto calor da por cada kWh de luz en un momento concreto. Con COP 4 obtienes 4 kWh de calor por cada kWh eléctrico.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":836,"children":837},{},[838,843],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":839,"children":840},{},[841],{"type":623,"value":842},"SCOP",{"type":623,"value":844},": lo mismo, pero como media de toda la temporada de calefacción. Es el dato que mejor predice tu factura.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":848,"children":849},{},[850],{"type":623,"value":851},"Para comparar: una caldera de gas ronda un rendimiento de 0,95 y un radiador eléctrico, de 1. Por eso una bomba de calor necesita mucha menos energía para dar el mismo calor.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":854,"children":855},{},[856],{"type":623,"value":857},"La ley española considera renovable el calor que la bomba toma del aire (\"energía ambiente\"). La electricidad que consume no cuenta automáticamente como renovable, y el equipo tiene que superar un rendimiento estacional mínimo. Para el agua caliente, el Código Técnico de la Edificación (CTE) exige un SCOP de al menos 2,5, medido con el agua a 45 °C o más. En obra nueva, el CTE obliga a cubrir con renovables al menos el 70 % del agua caliente anual en edificios que gastan más de 100 litros al día (el 60 % si gastan menos de 5.000 litros al día). La aerotermia es una de las formas de cumplirlo.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":687,"attrs":860,"children":863},{"id":861,"data-toc":862},"coste","Precio",[864],{"type":623,"value":865},"¿Cuánto cuesta instalar aerotermia en 2026?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":868,"children":869},{},[870],{"type":623,"value":871},"El precio de la aerotermia para una casa depende sobre todo de la potencia del equipo y de si tienes que cambiar los emisores (radiadores o suelo radiante). Estos son los precios de consumidor publicados en el mercado español:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":615,"attrs":874,"children":876},{"class":875},"table-responsive",[877],{"type":614,"tag":878,"attrs":879,"children":880},"table",{"class":878},[881,882,906,907,1025],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":883,"attrs":884,"children":885},"thead",{},[886],{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":888,"children":889},"tr",{},[890,897,901],{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":892,"children":894},"th",{"scope":893},"col",[895],{"type":623,"value":896},"Qué incluye",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":898,"children":899},{"scope":893},[900],{"type":623,"value":862},{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":902,"children":903},{"scope":893},[904],{"type":623,"value":905},"Fecha del dato",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":908,"attrs":909,"children":910},"tbody",{},[911,913,932,933,951,952,970,971,988,989,1006,1007,1024],{"type":623,"value":912},"\n\t\t",{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":914,"children":915},{},[916,922,927],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":918,"children":919},"td",{},[920],{"type":623,"value":921},"Rango habitual de una instalación completa aire-agua",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":923,"children":924},{},[925],{"type":623,"value":926},"8.000 a 16.000 €",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":928,"children":929},{},[930],{"type":623,"value":931},"Abril 2026",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":934,"children":935},{},[936,941,946],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":937,"children":938},{},[939],{"type":623,"value":940},"Presupuestos de una comercializadora eléctrica que instala aerotermia",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":942,"children":943},{},[944],{"type":623,"value":945},"8.000 a 14.000 €",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":947,"children":948},{},[949],{"type":623,"value":950},"Octubre 2026",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":953,"children":954},{},[955,960,965],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":956,"children":957},{},[958],{"type":623,"value":959},"Compra colectiva de la OCU, equipo de 6 kW con instalación, certificados energéticos y gestión de ayudas",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":961,"children":962},{},[963],{"type":623,"value":964},"10.253 €",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":966,"children":967},{},[968],{"type":623,"value":969},"Febrero 2025",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":972,"children":973},{},[974,979,984],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":975,"children":976},{},[977],{"type":623,"value":978},"Misma compra colectiva, equipo de 8 kW",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":980,"children":981},{},[982],{"type":623,"value":983},"Desde 13.478 €",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":985,"children":986},{},[987],{"type":623,"value":969},{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":990,"children":991},{},[992,997,1002],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":993,"children":994},{},[995],{"type":623,"value":996},"Suelo radiante nuevo (aparte)",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":998,"children":999},{},[1000],{"type":623,"value":1001},"3.000 a 8.000 €",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1003,"children":1004},{},[1005],{"type":623,"value":931},{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1008,"children":1009},{},[1010,1015,1020],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1011,"children":1012},{},[1013],{"type":623,"value":1014},"Radiadores de baja temperatura (aparte)",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1016,"children":1017},{},[1018],{"type":623,"value":1019},"1.500 a 3.500 €",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1021,"children":1022},{},[1023],{"type":623,"value":931},{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1028,"children":1029},{},[1030],{"type":623,"value":1031},"Ten en cuenta que varios de estos rangos no indican si llevan IVA. Pide siempre el precio final con IVA y por escrito.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1034,"children":1035},{},[1036,1038,1043],{"type":623,"value":1037},"Si solo quieres agua caliente, un ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1039,"children":1040},{},[1041],{"type":623,"value":1042},"termo de aerotermia",{"type":623,"value":1044}," (un depósito de unos 200 litros con su propia bomba de calor) cuesta mucho menos que un sistema completo de calefacción, y es una forma sencilla de aprovechar unas placas solares.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1047,"children":1049},{"id":1048},"presupuesto",[1050],{"type":623,"value":1051},"Qué debe aparecer en el presupuesto",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1054,"children":1055},{},[1056],{"type":623,"value":1057},"Para comparar ofertas, pide que cada una separe estas partidas:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":708,"attrs":1060,"children":1061},{},[1062,1063,1068,1069,1074,1075,1080,1081,1086,1087,1092,1093,1098,1099,1104],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1064,"children":1065},{},[1066],{"type":623,"value":1067},"Unidad exterior (la bomba de calor) y su potencia en kW.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1070,"children":1071},{},[1072],{"type":623,"value":1073},"Módulo interior o hidrokit.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1076,"children":1077},{},[1078],{"type":623,"value":1079},"Depósito de ACS y su capacidad en litros.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1082,"children":1083},{},[1084],{"type":623,"value":1085},"Emisores: si se mantienen, se cambian o se instala suelo radiante.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1088,"children":1089},{},[1090],{"type":623,"value":1091},"Tuberías y desmontaje de la caldera antigua.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1094,"children":1095},{},[1096],{"type":623,"value":1097},"Adaptación eléctrica y, si hace falta, cambio de potencia contratada.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1100,"children":1101},{},[1102],{"type":623,"value":1103},"Montaje, puesta en marcha, legalización y garantía.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1107,"children":1108},{},[1109,1111,1117,1119,1124],{"type":623,"value":1110},"Presupuesta las placas aparte, con el consumo que añadirá la bomba de calor. En nuestra guía de ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1113,"children":1114},"a",{"href":58},[1115],{"type":623,"value":1116},"precios de placas solares",{"type":623,"value":1118}," tienes los rangos actuales, y en ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1120,"children":1121},{"href":151},[1122],{"type":623,"value":1123},"cómo elegir instalador",{"type":623,"value":1125},", qué preguntar antes de firmar.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1128,"children":1130},{"id":1129},"iva",[1131],{"type":623,"value":1132},"¿Qué IVA se aplica?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1135,"children":1136},{},[1137,1139,1144,1146,1151,1153,1158],{"type":623,"value":1138},"La regla general es el ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1140,"children":1141},{},[1142],{"type":623,"value":1143},"21 %",{"type":623,"value":1145},". Se aplica el ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1147,"children":1148},{},[1149],{"type":623,"value":1150},"10 %",{"type":623,"value":1152}," solo si es una obra de renovación en una vivienda de uso particular terminada hace al menos dos años y, además, los materiales que aporta el instalador no superan el 40 % de la base imponible. En aerotermia el equipo pesa mucho: si la bomba cuesta 5.300 € en un presupuesto de 10.000 € sin IVA, los materiales ya son el 53 % y toca el 21 %. Más detalles en ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1154,"children":1155},{"href":172},[1156],{"type":623,"value":1157},"impuestos de una instalación solar",{"type":623,"value":1159},".",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1162,"children":1164},{"id":1163},"potencia",[1165],{"type":623,"value":1166},"¿Qué potencia necesito?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1169,"children":1170},{},[1171],{"type":623,"value":1172},"Como orientación, una vivienda de menos de 100 m² suele quedar bien con un equipo de 2,5 a 6,5 kW, y una de hasta 200 m², con uno de 6,5 a 10 kW. En climas fríos hace falta más potencia. El dimensionado correcto lo da un cálculo de cargas de tu casa, no los metros cuadrados.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":687,"attrs":1175,"children":1178},{"id":1176,"data-toc":1177},"consumo","Consumo",[1179],{"type":623,"value":1180},"¿Cuánto consume la aerotermia?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1183,"children":1184},{},[1185],{"type":623,"value":1186},"El consumo de la aerotermia depende de dos temperaturas: la del aire de fuera y la del agua que necesitas dentro. Cuanto más frío hace fuera y más caliente tiene que salir el agua, más electricidad gasta.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1189,"children":1190},{},[1191],{"type":623,"value":1192},"Lo ves claro en la ficha de un equipo real, la Panasonic Aquarea High Performance J de 5 kW, que da 5 kW de calor en todas estas condiciones:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":615,"attrs":1195,"children":1196},{"class":875},[1197],{"type":614,"tag":878,"attrs":1198,"children":1199},{"class":878},[1200,1201,1222,1223,1284],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":883,"attrs":1202,"children":1203},{},[1204],{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1205,"children":1206},{},[1207,1212,1217],{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1208,"children":1209},{"scope":893},[1210],{"type":623,"value":1211},"Aire exterior",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1213,"children":1214},{"scope":893},[1215],{"type":623,"value":1216},"COP con agua a 35 °C (suelo radiante)",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1218,"children":1219},{"scope":893},[1220],{"type":623,"value":1221},"COP con agua a 55 °C (radiadores)",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":908,"attrs":1224,"children":1225},{},[1226,1227,1245,1246,1264,1265,1283],{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1228,"children":1229},{},[1230,1235,1240],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1231,"children":1232},{},[1233],{"type":623,"value":1234},"7 °C",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1236,"children":1237},{},[1238],{"type":623,"value":1239},"5,08",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1241,"children":1242},{},[1243],{"type":623,"value":1244},"3,01",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1247,"children":1248},{},[1249,1254,1259],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1250,"children":1251},{},[1252],{"type":623,"value":1253},"2 °C",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1255,"children":1256},{},[1257],{"type":623,"value":1258},"3,57",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1260,"children":1261},{},[1262],{"type":623,"value":1263},"2,27",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1266,"children":1267},{},[1268,1273,1278],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1269,"children":1270},{},[1271],{"type":623,"value":1272},"-7 °C",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1274,"children":1275},{},[1276],{"type":623,"value":1277},"2,78",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1279,"children":1280},{},[1281],{"type":623,"value":1282},"1,85",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1287,"children":1288},{},[1289],{"type":623,"value":1290},"A lo largo de la temporada, ese mismo equipo tiene un SCOP de 5,12 con agua a 35 °C y de 3,63 con agua a 55 °C en clima templado. En clima cálido sube a 6,00 y 4,20, y en clima frío baja a 4,08 y 2,95. La Daikin Altherma 3 M de 4 a 8 kW se mueve en cifras parecidas: SCOP de 4,47 a 4,56 a 35 °C y de 3,26 a 3,32 a 55 °C en clima medio.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1293,"children":1295},{"id":1294},"suelo-radiante-o-radiadores",[1296],{"type":623,"value":1297},"¿Suelo radiante o radiadores?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1300,"children":1301},{},[1302,1304,1309],{"type":623,"value":1303},"El suelo radiante trabaja con agua a unos 35 °C y los radiadores convencionales, a unos 55 °C. Con el equipo de la tabla y 2 °C en la calle, el COP pasa de 3,57 a 2,27. Eso significa ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1305,"children":1306},{},[1307],{"type":623,"value":1308},"un 57 % más de electricidad",{"type":623,"value":1310}," con radiadores para dar el mismo calor.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1313,"children":1314},{},[1315],{"type":623,"value":1316},"No hace falta levantar el suelo para usar aerotermia. Funciona con radiadores, pero rinde mejor con suelo radiante, fancoils (pequeños aparatos con ventilador que reparten el calor o el frío) o radiadores de baja temperatura, que son más grandes y calientan bien con agua menos caliente.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1319,"children":1321},{"id":1320},"agua-caliente",[1322],{"type":623,"value":1323},"Ejemplo: agua caliente para 4 personas",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1326,"children":1327},{},[1328],{"type":623,"value":1329},"El CTE calcula 28 litros de agua a 60 °C por persona y día. Una familia de 4 en Madrid necesita, por tanto, 112 litros diarios. El agua de la red llega a unos 8 °C en enero y a unos 20 °C en julio, así que calentarla exige:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":708,"attrs":1332,"children":1333},{},[1334,1335,1345,1346,1356],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1336,"children":1337},{},[1338,1343],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1339,"children":1340},{},[1341],{"type":623,"value":1342},"Enero",{"type":623,"value":1344},": unos 6,8 kWh de calor al día.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1347,"children":1348},{},[1349,1354],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1350,"children":1351},{},[1352],{"type":623,"value":1353},"Julio",{"type":623,"value":1355},": unos 5,2 kWh de calor al día.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1359,"children":1360},{},[1361,1363,1368],{"type":623,"value":1362},"Con un termo de aerotermia como el Panasonic Aquarea DHW de 200 litros (COP de agua caliente 3,36 en clima medio), eso son unos 2,0 kWh de electricidad al día en enero y 1,6 kWh en julio. En total, ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1364,"children":1365},{},[1366],{"type":623,"value":1367},"entre 50 y 60 kWh al mes",{"type":623,"value":1369},". Al precio medio del PVPC de enero de 2026 (0,139 €\u002FkWh solo de energía, sin impuestos ni término de potencia), salen unos 8 € al mes. Estos cálculos no incluyen las pérdidas de las tuberías.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1372,"children":1374},{"id":1373},"potencia-contratada",[1375],{"type":623,"value":1376},"¿Tengo que subir la potencia contratada?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1379,"children":1380},{},[1381,1383,1388,1390,1395],{"type":623,"value":1382},"Es probable. Una bomba de calor doméstica necesita de media entre 3 y 4 kW de potencia eléctrica, que se suman a lo que ya usas en casa. Además, muchos equipos llevan una resistencia eléctrica de apoyo para los días más fríos: en el Panasonic de 5 kW es de 3 kW. Revisa tu potencia antes de instalar con nuestra guía de ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1384,"children":1385},{"href":232},[1386],{"type":623,"value":1387},"potencia contratada con autoconsumo",{"type":623,"value":1389},". Si tu casa es trifásica, consulta también ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1391,"children":1392},{"href":157},[1393],{"type":623,"value":1394},"monofásica o trifásica",{"type":623,"value":1396},", porque hay equipos de los dos tipos.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":687,"attrs":1399,"children":1402},{"id":1400,"data-toc":1401},"conplacas","Con placas solares",[1403],{"type":623,"value":1404},"Aerotermia con placas solares: ejemplo de invierno y verano",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":615,"attrs":1407,"children":1409},{"style":1408},"text-align: center; margin: 2em 0;",[1410],{"type":614,"tag":655,"attrs":1411,"children":1412},{"class":657},[1413,1414,1418,1419,1423,1424,1430],{"type":623,"value":660},{"type":614,"tag":662,"attrs":1415,"children":1417},{"type":664,"srcset":1416},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002Fbomba-de-calor@2x.webp 2x, https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002Fbomba-de-calor.webp 1x",[],{"type":623,"value":660},{"type":614,"tag":662,"attrs":1420,"children":1422},{"type":670,"srcset":1421},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002Fbomba-de-calor@2x.jpg 2x, https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002Fbomba-de-calor.jpg 1x",[],{"type":623,"value":660},{"type":614,"tag":675,"attrs":1425,"children":1429},{"alt":1426,"class":678,"src":1427,"srcset":1428,"loading":681},"Unidad exterior de una bomba de calor aerotérmica junto a una vivienda","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002Fbomba-de-calor.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages\u002Fbomba-de-calor@2x.jpg 2x",[],{"type":623,"value":660},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1433,"children":1434},{},[1435],{"type":623,"value":1436},"La combinación de aerotermia y placas solares funciona porque la bomba de calor gasta electricidad y las placas la producen en tu tejado. El problema es el calendario: la calefacción se usa en invierno, cuando las placas producen menos, y sobre todo por la tarde y la noche, cuando no producen nada.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1439,"children":1441},{"id":1440},"produccion",[1442],{"type":623,"value":1443},"Cuánto producen 4 kWp en invierno y en verano",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1446,"children":1447},{},[1448],{"type":623,"value":1449},"Un kWp (kilovatio pico) es la potencia máxima de las placas. Una instalación de 4 kWp orientada al sur con 30° de inclinación produce de media al día:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":615,"attrs":1452,"children":1453},{"class":875},[1454],{"type":614,"tag":878,"attrs":1455,"children":1456},{"class":878},[1457,1458,1487,1488,1578],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":883,"attrs":1459,"children":1460},{},[1461],{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1462,"children":1463},{},[1464,1469,1473,1478,1482],{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1465,"children":1466},{"scope":893},[1467],{"type":623,"value":1468},"Ciudad",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1470,"children":1471},{"scope":893},[1472],{"type":623,"value":1342},{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1474,"children":1475},{"scope":893},[1476],{"type":623,"value":1477},"Diciembre",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1479,"children":1480},{"scope":893},[1481],{"type":623,"value":1353},{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1483,"children":1484},{"scope":893},[1485],{"type":623,"value":1486},"Total al año",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":908,"attrs":1489,"children":1490},{},[1491,1492,1520,1521,1549,1550,1577],{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1493,"children":1494},{},[1495,1500,1505,1510,1515],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1496,"children":1497},{},[1498],{"type":623,"value":1499},"Sevilla",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1501,"children":1502},{},[1503],{"type":623,"value":1504},"14,9 kWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1506,"children":1507},{},[1508],{"type":623,"value":1509},"13,9 kWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1511,"children":1512},{},[1513],{"type":623,"value":1514},"21,9 kWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1516,"children":1517},{},[1518],{"type":623,"value":1519},"6.668 kWh",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1522,"children":1523},{},[1524,1529,1534,1539,1544],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1525,"children":1526},{},[1527],{"type":623,"value":1528},"Madrid",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1530,"children":1531},{},[1532],{"type":623,"value":1533},"13,3 kWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1535,"children":1536},{},[1537],{"type":623,"value":1538},"12,4 kWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1540,"children":1541},{},[1542],{"type":623,"value":1543},"22,4 kWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1545,"children":1546},{},[1547],{"type":623,"value":1548},"6.442 kWh",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1551,"children":1552},{},[1553,1558,1563,1568,1572],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1554,"children":1555},{},[1556],{"type":623,"value":1557},"Burgos",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1559,"children":1560},{},[1561],{"type":623,"value":1562},"9,2 kWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1564,"children":1565},{},[1566],{"type":623,"value":1567},"8,9 kWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1569,"children":1570},{},[1571],{"type":623,"value":1543},{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1573,"children":1574},{},[1575],{"type":623,"value":1576},"5.770 kWh",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1581,"children":1582},{},[1583],{"type":623,"value":1584},"En Burgos, un día de diciembre da alrededor del 40 % de lo que da un día de julio. Cuanto más al norte y más frío es tu clima, más calefacción necesitas y menos te ayudan las placas en esos meses.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1587,"children":1589},{"id":1588},"precio-luz",[1590],{"type":623,"value":1591},"Cuándo es más barata la luz de la red",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1594,"children":1595},{},[1596],{"type":623,"value":1597},"Si tienes el PVPC (la tarifa regulada, cuyo precio cambia cada hora), el momento barato cambia con la estación. Precio medio del término de energía en 2026, sin IVA ni impuesto eléctrico:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":615,"attrs":1600,"children":1601},{"class":875},[1602],{"type":614,"tag":878,"attrs":1603,"children":1604},{"class":878},[1605,1606,1630,1631,1731],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":883,"attrs":1607,"children":1608},{},[1609],{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1610,"children":1611},{},[1612,1617,1621,1626],{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1613,"children":1614},{"scope":893},[1615],{"type":623,"value":1616},"Franja",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1618,"children":1619},{"scope":893},[1620],{"type":623,"value":1342},{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1622,"children":1623},{"scope":893},[1624],{"type":623,"value":1625},"Febrero",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1627,"children":1628},{"scope":893},[1629],{"type":623,"value":1353},{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":908,"attrs":1632,"children":1633},{},[1634,1635,1658,1659,1682,1683,1706,1707,1730],{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1636,"children":1637},{},[1638,1643,1648,1653],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1639,"children":1640},{},[1641],{"type":623,"value":1642},"Mediodía (11 a 17 h)",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1644,"children":1645},{},[1646],{"type":623,"value":1647},"0,136 €\u002FkWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1649,"children":1650},{},[1651],{"type":623,"value":1652},"0,113 €\u002FkWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1654,"children":1655},{},[1656],{"type":623,"value":1657},"0,097 €\u002FkWh",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1660,"children":1661},{},[1662,1667,1672,1677],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1663,"children":1664},{},[1665],{"type":623,"value":1666},"Noche, laborables (0 a 8 h)",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1668,"children":1669},{},[1670],{"type":623,"value":1671},"0,101 €\u002FkWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1673,"children":1674},{},[1675],{"type":623,"value":1676},"0,082 €\u002FkWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1678,"children":1679},{},[1680],{"type":623,"value":1681},"0,173 €\u002FkWh",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1684,"children":1685},{},[1686,1691,1696,1701],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1687,"children":1688},{},[1689],{"type":623,"value":1690},"Tarde-noche (19 a 23 h)",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1692,"children":1693},{},[1694],{"type":623,"value":1695},"0,191 €\u002FkWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1697,"children":1698},{},[1699],{"type":623,"value":1700},"0,185 €\u002FkWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1702,"children":1703},{},[1704],{"type":623,"value":1705},"0,245 €\u002FkWh",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1708,"children":1709},{},[1710,1715,1720,1725],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1711,"children":1712},{},[1713],{"type":623,"value":1714},"Media del mes",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1716,"children":1717},{},[1718],{"type":623,"value":1719},"0,139 €\u002FkWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1721,"children":1722},{},[1723],{"type":623,"value":1724},"0,117 €\u002FkWh",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1726,"children":1727},{},[1728],{"type":623,"value":1729},"0,161 €\u002FkWh",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1734,"children":1735},{},[1736,1738,1743],{"type":623,"value":1737},"En verano el mediodía es la franja más barata. En invierno de 2026, en cambio, la luz más barata de la red fue la de la noche. Puedes consultar el precio de cada hora en ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1739,"children":1740},{"href":259},[1741],{"type":623,"value":1742},"precio de la luz hoy",{"type":623,"value":1159},{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1746,"children":1748},{"id":1747},"ejemplo-invierno",[1749],{"type":623,"value":1750},"Ejemplo de invierno: un día de enero en Madrid",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1753,"children":1754},{},[1755],{"type":623,"value":1756},"Supón, por ejemplo, que tu casa necesita 40 kWh de calor un día de enero con 2 °C en la calle. Con el equipo de 5 kW de la tabla anterior:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":708,"attrs":1759,"children":1760},{},[1761,1762,1773,1774,1785],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1763,"children":1764},{},[1765,1766,1771],{"type":623,"value":645},{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1767,"children":1768},{},[1769],{"type":623,"value":1770},"suelo radiante",{"type":623,"value":1772}," (COP 3,57): 11,2 kWh de electricidad.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1775,"children":1776},{},[1777,1778,1783],{"type":623,"value":645},{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1779,"children":1780},{},[1781],{"type":623,"value":1782},"radiadores",{"type":623,"value":1784}," a 55 °C (COP 2,27): 17,6 kWh de electricidad.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1788,"children":1789},{},[1790],{"type":623,"value":1791},"Ese día, 4 kWp en Madrid producen unos 13,3 kWh, solo de día y compartidos con la nevera, la lavadora y el resto de la casa. Si compraras a la red toda la electricidad de la calefacción al precio medio de enero, pagarías unos 1,56 € al día con suelo radiante y 2,44 € con radiadores. En un mes, unos 48 € frente a 76 €, solo de energía.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1794,"children":1795},{},[1796],{"type":623,"value":1797},"Las placas reducen esa cifra, pero no la eliminan. Lo que mejor funciona en invierno:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":708,"attrs":1800,"children":1801},{},[1802,1803,1808,1809,1814,1815,1820],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1804,"children":1805},{},[1806],{"type":623,"value":1807},"Calentar el depósito de ACS a mediodía, con energía solar.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1810,"children":1811},{},[1812],{"type":623,"value":1813},"Aprovechar las horas de sol para precalentar la casa, sobre todo con suelo radiante, que guarda el calor en el propio suelo.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1816,"children":1817},{},[1818],{"type":623,"value":1819},"Dejar para la noche, cuando la luz es más barata, lo que las placas no cubren, y evitar la franja de 19 a 23 h.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1823,"children":1825},{"id":1824},"ejemplo-verano",[1826],{"type":623,"value":1827},"Ejemplo de verano: un día de julio en Madrid",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1830,"children":1831},{},[1832,1834,1839],{"type":623,"value":1833},"En julio, el mismo tejado produce unos 22,4 kWh al día. El agua caliente de la familia de 4 solo necesita unos 1,6 kWh de electricidad, así que las placas la cubren de sobra si el termo trabaja a mediodía. El resto puede ir al aire acondicionado, si tu equipo es reversible, o a la red. Lo que viertes a la red te lo descuentan en la factura con la ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1835,"children":1836},{"href":205},[1837],{"type":623,"value":1838},"compensación de excedentes",{"type":623,"value":1159},{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":1842,"children":1844},{"id":1843},"acumular",[1845],{"type":623,"value":1846},"Depósito o batería: cómo guardar la energía solar",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1849,"children":1850},{},[1851],{"type":623,"value":1852},"Hay dos formas de usar por la tarde lo que producen las placas a mediodía:",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":708,"attrs":1855,"children":1856},{},[1857,1858,1868,1869,1892],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1859,"children":1860},{},[1861,1866],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1862,"children":1863},{},[1864],{"type":623,"value":1865},"Depósito de agua caliente",{"type":623,"value":1867},": calientas el agua con sol y la usas por la tarde. Guarda calor durante horas, no semanas: lo que sobra en verano no sirve para la calefacción de enero.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":1870,"children":1871},{},[1872,1877,1879,1884,1886,1891],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":1873,"children":1874},{},[1875],{"type":623,"value":1876},"Batería",{"type":623,"value":1878},": guarda electricidad para la tarde y la noche. Lee si te compensa en ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1880,"children":1881},{"href":223},[1882],{"type":623,"value":1883},"¿son rentables las baterías solares?",{"type":623,"value":1885}," y mira las opciones en ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1887,"children":1888},{"href":49},[1889],{"type":623,"value":1890},"baterías solares",{"type":623,"value":1159},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":1895,"children":1896},{},[1897,1899,1904,1906,1911],{"type":623,"value":1898},"Para que la bomba de calor arranque cuando sobra sol, algunos fabricantes venden accesorios específicos. Daikin, por ejemplo, ofrece para la Altherma 3 M un adaptador LAN con función PV Solar y un kit de relé Smart Grid. Algunos termos de aerotermia con serpentín, como el Panasonic Aquarea DHW, también admiten otras fuentes de calor. Pregunta al instalador cómo se comunicará la bomba con tu ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1900,"children":1901},{"href":128},[1902],{"type":623,"value":1903},"inversor",{"type":623,"value":1905},", y dimensiona las placas con un ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":1907,"children":1908},{"href":283},[1909],{"type":623,"value":1910},"estudio de consumo",{"type":623,"value":1912}," que incluya la bomba de calor.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":687,"attrs":1915,"children":1917},{"id":1916,"data-toc":1916},"Ventajas",[1918],{"type":623,"value":1919},"Ventajas e inconvenientes de la aerotermia",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":615,"attrs":1922,"children":1923},{"class":875},[1924],{"type":614,"tag":878,"attrs":1925,"children":1926},{"class":878},[1927,1928,1943,1944,2018],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":883,"attrs":1929,"children":1930},{},[1931],{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1932,"children":1933},{},[1934,1938],{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1935,"children":1936},{"scope":893},[1937],{"type":623,"value":1916},{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":1939,"children":1940},{"scope":893},[1941],{"type":623,"value":1942},"Inconvenientes",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":908,"attrs":1945,"children":1946},{},[1947,1948,1961,1962,1975,1976,1989,1990,2003,2004,2017],{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1949,"children":1950},{},[1951,1956],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1952,"children":1953},{},[1954],{"type":623,"value":1955},"Da de 3 a 4 kWh de calor por cada kWh de luz, frente a menos de 1 de una caldera de gas.",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1957,"children":1958},{},[1959],{"type":623,"value":1960},"La inversión inicial es alta: un sistema completo puede superar los 10.000 €.",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1963,"children":1964},{},[1965,1970],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1966,"children":1967},{},[1968],{"type":623,"value":1969},"Un solo equipo para calefacción, agua caliente y, si es reversible, refrigeración.",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1971,"children":1972},{},[1973],{"type":623,"value":1974},"Frente a una caldera de gas de condensación moderna, el coste total acaba siendo bastante parecido.",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1977,"children":1978},{},[1979,1984],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1980,"children":1981},{},[1982],{"type":623,"value":1983},"No quema nada en casa: sin humos, sin chimenea y con menos mantenimiento que una caldera.",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1985,"children":1986},{},[1987],{"type":623,"value":1988},"Con radiadores convencionales rinde bastante peor que con suelo radiante.",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":1991,"children":1992},{},[1993,1998],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1994,"children":1995},{},[1996],{"type":623,"value":1997},"Funciona con mucho frío: la Daikin Altherma 3 M calienta hasta -25 °C exteriores y la Panasonic de 5 a 9 kW, hasta -20 °C.",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":1999,"children":2000},{},[2001],{"type":623,"value":2002},"Puede obligarte a subir la potencia contratada.",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":2005,"children":2006},{},[2007,2012],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2008,"children":2009},{},[2010],{"type":623,"value":2011},"Usa electricidad, así que puede aprovechar tus placas solares.",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2013,"children":2014},{},[2015],{"type":623,"value":2016},"La unidad exterior hace ruido: 58 a 62 dB(A) de potencia sonora en la Daikin y 59 dB(A) en la Panasonic. Elige bien dónde la colocas.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2021,"children":2022},{},[2023,2025,2030,2032,2037,2039],{"type":623,"value":2024},"Dónde se nota de verdad el ahorro: al sustituir una caldera de ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2026,"children":2027},{},[2028],{"type":623,"value":2029},"gasóleo",{"type":623,"value":2031}," o una calefacción con ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2033,"children":2034},{},[2035],{"type":623,"value":2036},"radiadores eléctricos",{"type":623,"value":2038},". Frente al gas natural la diferencia es pequeña, y crece si añades placas solares. Cuanta más calefacción necesita tu casa, antes recuperas la inversión. Para ver el cálculo completo con placas, lee ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":2040,"children":2041},{"href":37},[2042],{"type":623,"value":2043},"¿son rentables las placas solares?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2046,"children":2047},{},[2048],{"type":623,"value":2049},"Sobre el refrigerante: los equipos aire-agua de Daikin y Panasonic citados usan R-32 (en la Daikin, con un potencial de calentamiento global, o GWP, de 675). El termo Panasonic Aquarea DHW usa R290 (propano), con 0,15 kg de carga.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":687,"attrs":2052,"children":2055},{"id":2053,"data-toc":2054},"ayudas","Ayudas",[2056],{"type":623,"value":2057},"Ayudas y subvenciones para aerotermia en 2026",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2060,"children":2061},{},[2062],{"type":623,"value":2063},"Las ayudas para aerotermia vienen por cuatro vías. Lo más urgente en octubre de 2026 es la deducción del IRPF, que acaba el 31 de diciembre.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2066,"children":2068},{"id":2067},"irpf",[2069],{"type":623,"value":2070},"Deducción en el IRPF por eficiencia energética",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":615,"attrs":2073,"children":2074},{"class":875},[2075],{"type":614,"tag":878,"attrs":2076,"children":2077},{"class":878},[2078,2079,2105,2106,2181],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":883,"attrs":2080,"children":2081},{},[2082],{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":2083,"children":2084},{},[2085,2090,2095,2100],{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":2086,"children":2087},{"scope":893},[2088],{"type":623,"value":2089},"Deducción",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":2091,"children":2092},{"scope":893},[2093],{"type":623,"value":2094},"Requisito",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":2096,"children":2097},{"scope":893},[2098],{"type":623,"value":2099},"Base máxima",{"type":614,"tag":891,"attrs":2101,"children":2102},{"scope":893},[2103],{"type":623,"value":2104},"Pagos hasta",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":908,"attrs":2107,"children":2108},{},[2109,2110,2133,2134,2156,2157,2180],{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":2111,"children":2112},{},[2113,2118,2123,2128],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2114,"children":2115},{},[2116],{"type":623,"value":2117},"20 %",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2119,"children":2120},{},[2121],{"type":623,"value":2122},"Reducir al menos un 7 % la demanda de calefacción y refrigeración",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2124,"children":2125},{},[2126],{"type":623,"value":2127},"5.000 € al año",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2129,"children":2130},{},[2131],{"type":623,"value":2132},"31\u002F12\u002F2026",{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":2135,"children":2136},{},[2137,2142,2147,2152],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2138,"children":2139},{},[2140],{"type":623,"value":2141},"40 %",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2143,"children":2144},{},[2145],{"type":623,"value":2146},"Reducir al menos un 30 % el consumo de energía primaria no renovable, o que la vivienda pase a clase A o B",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2148,"children":2149},{},[2150],{"type":623,"value":2151},"7.500 € al año",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2153,"children":2154},{},[2155],{"type":623,"value":2132},{"type":623,"value":912},{"type":614,"tag":887,"attrs":2158,"children":2159},{},[2160,2165,2170,2175],{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2161,"children":2162},{},[2163],{"type":623,"value":2164},"60 %",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2166,"children":2167},{},[2168],{"type":623,"value":2169},"Rehabilitación energética de todo el edificio (comunidad de propietarios)",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2171,"children":2172},{},[2173],{"type":623,"value":2174},"5.000 € al año, 15.000 € en total",{"type":614,"tag":917,"attrs":2176,"children":2177},{},[2178],{"type":623,"value":2179},"31\u002F12\u002F2027",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2184,"children":2185},{},[2186,2188,2193],{"type":623,"value":2187},"El 20 % y el 40 % valen para tu vivienda habitual o una que tengas alquilada. Tienes que demostrar la mejora con un ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":2189,"children":2190},{"href":169},[2191],{"type":623,"value":2192},"certificado energético",{"type":623,"value":2194}," de antes y otro de después, y el de después debe estar expedido antes del 1 de enero de 2027. Paga con tarjeta, transferencia, cheque nominativo o ingreso en cuenta, nunca en efectivo. Si recibes una subvención, se resta de la base.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2197,"children":2198},{},[2199,2204,2206,2211],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2200,"children":2201},{},[2202],{"type":623,"value":2203},"Ejemplo",{"type":623,"value":2205},": pagas 10.000 € en 2026 por una aerotermia que lleva tu casa a clase B y no tienes subvención. Te deduces el 40 % de 7.500 €, es decir, ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2207,"children":2208},{},[2209],{"type":623,"value":2210},"3.000 € menos de IRPF",{"type":623,"value":1159},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2214,"children":2215},{},[2216],{"type":623,"value":2217},"Las placas solares tienen su propia deducción por autoconsumo: el 10 % de hasta 5.000 € pagados en 2026, con la instalación terminada en 2026 y con su certificado eléctrico (CIE). Cubre las placas y las baterías, no la bomba de calor, y no puedes aplicar las dos deducciones a la misma instalación.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2220,"children":2222},{"id":2221},"ibi-icio",[2223],{"type":623,"value":2224},"Descuentos en el IBI y el ICIO",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2227,"children":2228},{},[2229],{"type":623,"value":2230},"La ley permite a cada ayuntamiento bonificar hasta el 50 % del IBI a las viviendas con sistemas que aprovechan la energía solar o la energía ambiente, que incluye la aerotermia. También puede bonificar hasta el 95 % del ICIO, el impuesto que pagas por la obra. Que exista el descuento, cuánto es y durante cuántos años depende de la ordenanza fiscal de tu ayuntamiento.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2233,"children":2235},{"id":2234},"cae",[2236],{"type":623,"value":2237},"Certificados de Ahorro Energético (CAE)",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2240,"children":2241},{},[2242,2244,2252],{"type":623,"value":2243},"Si sustituyes una caldera de combustión por una bomba de calor en tu vivienda, el ahorro de energía se puede convertir en CAE y venderse: cada CAE acredita 1 kWh de ahorro. El ahorro se calcula con la demanda de calefacción y ACS de tu certificado energético y el SCOP del equipo nuevo. Necesitarás las facturas, fotos de la instalación antes y después, el certificado del instalador, el acta de puesta en marcha y el certificado energético final. El procedimiento está explicado en la ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":2245,"children":2249},{"href":2246,"rel":2247,"target":2248},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.miteco.gob.es\u002Fes\u002Fenergia\u002Feficiencia\u002Fcae.html","noopener","_blank",[2250],{"type":623,"value":2251},"página oficial del sistema CAE del MITECO",{"type":623,"value":2253},". Pregunta al instalador si gestiona la venta de los CAE y cuánto te paga por ellos.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2256,"children":2258},{"id":2257},"autonomicas",[2259],{"type":623,"value":2260},"Ayudas de tu comunidad autónoma",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2263,"children":2264},{},[2265,2267,2272,2274,2279,2281,2286],{"type":623,"value":2266},"Cada comunidad decide si abre convocatorias para aerotermia. Un ejemplo abierto ahora: en ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2268,"children":2269},{},[2270],{"type":623,"value":2271},"Baleares",{"type":623,"value":2273},", el programa FACTOR 2026-2027 paga a los particulares el ",{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2275,"children":2276},{},[2277],{"type":623,"value":2278},"70 %",{"type":623,"value":2280}," de la aerotermia (no del aire-aire) hasta el 28 de febrero de 2027 o hasta que se agote el dinero. El coste subvencionable tiene un tope de 1.000 € por kW de potencia térmica para el equipo, más 450 € por kW si instalas emisores nuevos, y un máximo de 25.000 € por instalación. Exige un rendimiento estacional (SPF) superior a 2,5 y un sistema que mida la energía térmica producida. Con un equipo de 8 kW que llegue al tope, la ayuda por el equipo sería de 5.600 €. Todos los detalles están en ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":2282,"children":2283},{"href":67},[2284],{"type":623,"value":2285},"subvenciones en Baleares",{"type":623,"value":1159},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2289,"children":2290},{},[2291,2293,2298],{"type":623,"value":2292},"Para el resto de España, consulta las ",{"type":614,"tag":1112,"attrs":2294,"children":2295},{"href":61},[2296],{"type":623,"value":2297},"ayudas por comunidad autónoma",{"type":623,"value":2299},". Las ayudas estatales con fondos europeos para renovables térmicas cerraron el plazo de solicitud el 31 de diciembre de 2023.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":687,"attrs":2302,"children":2305},{"id":2303,"data-toc":2304},"tramites","Trámites",[2306],{"type":623,"value":2307},"Trámites, pisos y mantenimiento",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2310,"children":2311},{},[2312],{"type":623,"value":2313},"Los trámites dependen de la potencia térmica del equipo, según el Reglamento de Instalaciones Térmicas en los Edificios (RITE):",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":708,"attrs":2316,"children":2317},{},[2318,2319,2329,2330,2340,2341,2351],{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":2320,"children":2321},{},[2322,2327],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2323,"children":2324},{},[2325],{"type":623,"value":2326},"Menos de 5 kW",{"type":623,"value":2328},": no hay que presentar documentación técnica.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":2331,"children":2332},{},[2333,2338],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2334,"children":2335},{},[2336],{"type":623,"value":2337},"De 5 a 70 kW",{"type":623,"value":2339},": el instalador redacta una memoria técnica y registra el certificado de la instalación en tu comunidad autónoma antes de ponerla en marcha.",{"type":623,"value":712},{"type":614,"tag":714,"attrs":2342,"children":2343},{},[2344,2349],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2345,"children":2346},{},[2347],{"type":623,"value":2348},"Más de 70 kW",{"type":623,"value":2350},": hace falta un proyecto.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2354,"children":2355},{},[2356],{"type":623,"value":2357},"Las instalaciones de 5 a 70 kW deben mantenerlas una empresa mantenedora autorizada, siguiendo el manual de uso y mantenimiento. Para equipos domésticos de hasta 12 kW, el RITE marca una revisión mínima cada 4 años, pero siempre se aplican también las instrucciones del fabricante.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2360,"children":2361},{},[2362,2367],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2363,"children":2364},{},[2365],{"type":623,"value":2366},"Si vives en un piso",{"type":623,"value":2368},", la Ley de Propiedad Horizontal menciona la aerotermia de forma expresa. Basta con que la aprueben un tercio de los propietarios que representen un tercio de las cuotas, ya sea una instalación común o solo para tu vivienda. Los vecinos que no votaron a favor no pagan esa instalación.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":687,"attrs":2371,"children":2374},{"id":2372,"data-toc":2373},"faq","Preguntas frecuentes",[2375],{"type":623,"value":2376},"Preguntas frecuentes sobre la aerotermia",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2379,"children":2380},{},[2381],{"type":623,"value":2382},"¿Cuánto cuesta instalar aerotermia en una casa?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2385,"children":2386},{},[2387],{"type":623,"value":2388},"Una instalación completa aire-agua con calefacción y agua caliente se presupuesta en 2026 entre 8.000 y 16.000 €. El suelo radiante nuevo (3.000 a 8.000 €) o los radiadores de baja temperatura (1.500 a 3.500 €) van aparte. Pide siempre el precio con IVA.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2391,"children":2392},{},[2393],{"type":623,"value":2394},"¿Cuánto consume la aerotermia al mes?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2397,"children":2398},{},[2399],{"type":623,"value":2400},"Solo el agua caliente de una familia de 4 consume entre 50 y 60 kWh al mes. La calefacción depende de tu casa y tu clima: en el ejemplo de un día frío de enero, entre 11 y 18 kWh diarios según tengas suelo radiante o radiadores.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2403,"children":2404},{},[2405],{"type":623,"value":2406},"¿Merece la pena la aerotermia con placas solares?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2409,"children":2410},{},[2411],{"type":623,"value":2412},"Sí para el agua caliente: unas placas de 4 kWp la cubren con margen todo el año si programas el equipo a mediodía, y en verano el sobrante puede ir a la refrigeración. En invierno cubren solo una parte de la calefacción, sobre todo en el norte.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2415,"children":2416},{},[2417],{"type":623,"value":2418},"¿Hay ayudas para la aerotermia en 2026?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2421,"children":2422},{},[2423],{"type":623,"value":2424},"Sí: deducciones del IRPF del 20 % o el 40 % por pagos hasta el 31\u002F12\u002F2026, descuentos en IBI e ICIO según tu ayuntamiento, la venta de CAE y convocatorias autonómicas como FACTOR en Baleares, con un 70 % hasta el 28\u002F02\u002F2027.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":744,"attrs":2427,"children":2428},{},[2429],{"type":623,"value":2430},"¿Qué potencia de luz necesito contratar?",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2433,"children":2434},{},[2435],{"type":623,"value":2436},"Una bomba de calor necesita de media entre 3 y 4 kW, además de lo que ya usas en casa y de la resistencia de apoyo (3 kW en un equipo de 5 kW como el Panasonic citado). Revisa tu potencia contratada antes de la instalación.",{"type":623,"value":685},{"type":614,"tag":619,"attrs":2439,"children":2440},{},[2441],{"type":614,"tag":626,"attrs":2442,"children":2443},{},[2444],{"type":623,"value":2445},"Compara presupuestos de aerotermia y placas solares de instaladores de tu zona.",{"type":623,"value":640},{"type":614,"tag":2448,"attrs":2449,"children":2450},"compare-quote",{},[],[2452],{"kind":2453,"value":2454},"attribute","div[style]",[],{"div":2457,"p":2458,"strong":2459,"picture":583,"source":2460,"img":583,"h2":2457,"ul":2457,"li":2461,"h3":599,"ol":585,"table":2462,"thead":2462,"tr":2463,"th":599,"tbody":2462,"td":2464,"a":2465,"compare-quote":585},8,54,33,4,27,6,30,80,16,[2467,2478,2487],{"id":2468,"name":2469,"slug":2470,"uri":289,"shortDescription":2471,"readingTime":2472,"image":2473},84,"Placas solares para casa","placas-solares-para-casa","Antes de instalar placas solares en casa, revisa el consumo horario, la cubierta y el presupuesto. Compara equipos y trabajos incluidos con ayuda de un instalador habilitado.",7,{"x1":2474,"x2":2475,"webpX1":2476,"webpX2":2477},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F84.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F84@2x.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F84.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F84@2x.webp",{"id":2479,"name":127,"slug":2480,"uri":128,"shortDescription":2481,"readingTime":2465,"image":2482},79,"inversores-hibridos","Cómo funciona un inversor híbrido y qué comprobar al comprarlo: baterías compatibles, diferencias con un inversor de red, respaldo y presupuesto completo.",{"x1":2483,"x2":2484,"webpX1":2485,"webpX2":2486},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F79.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F79@2x.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F79.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F79@2x.webp",{"id":2488,"name":2489,"slug":2490,"uri":148,"shortDescription":2491,"readingTime":2460,"image":2492},67,"Autoconsumo solar","autoconsumo-solar","Cada día es más común ver en las viviendas instalaciones de sistemas de autoconsumo solar, debido a dos aspectos clave; el ahorro económico y energético y los beneficios para el medioambiente",{"x1":2493,"x2":2494,"webpX1":2495,"webpX2":2496},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F67.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F67@2x.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F67.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F67@2x.webp"]