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La producción anual de las placas no basta: una vivienda puede tener mucho excedente en verano y muy poco durante las semanas de mayor consumo.",{"type":622,"value":625},"\n",{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":627,"children":628},{},[629],{"type":622,"value":630},"El objetivo de este cálculo es comparar tamaños razonables antes de pedir presupuesto. Una instalación aislada, o una vivienda que necesita varios días de autonomía, requiere un estudio diferente al de una batería conectada a la red para aumentar el autoconsumo.",{"type":622,"value":632},"\n\n",{"type":613,"tag":634,"attrs":635,"children":637},"h2",{"id":636},"datos-necesarios",[638],{"type":622,"value":639},"Empieza por tus consumos y excedentes",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":642,"children":643},{},[644],{"type":622,"value":645},"Reúne los datos horarios de la distribuidora y del sistema de monitorización durante un periodo representativo, preferiblemente un año. Si todavía no tienes placas, combina tu curva de consumo con una estimación horaria de producción para tu ubicación, orientación y sombras.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":648,"children":649},{},[650],{"type":622,"value":651},"Cuando ya existe autoconsumo, la energía comprada a la red no representa todo el consumo de la vivienda. Parte se abastece directamente desde las placas. Utiliza mediciones compatibles entre sí y evita sumar producción, importación y excedentes como si fueran consumos independientes.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":654,"attrs":655,"children":656},"ul",{},[657,663,668,673],{"type":613,"tag":658,"attrs":659,"children":660},"li",{},[661],{"type":622,"value":662},"Identifica el consumo que quieres cubrir después de las horas solares.",{"type":613,"tag":658,"attrs":664,"children":665},{},[666],{"type":622,"value":667},"Comprueba cuánto excedente queda disponible para cargar cada día.",{"type":613,"tag":658,"attrs":669,"children":670},{},[671],{"type":622,"value":672},"Separa días laborables, fines de semana y estaciones.",{"type":613,"tag":658,"attrs":674,"children":675},{},[676],{"type":622,"value":677},"Anota las cargas importantes y su potencia simultánea.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":680,"children":681},{},[682,684,690],{"type":622,"value":683},"Un ",{"type":613,"tag":685,"attrs":686,"children":687},"nuxt-link",{"to":283},[688],{"type":622,"value":689},"estudio de consumo",{"type":622,"value":691}," ayuda a detectar si desplazar el lavavajillas o la carga del coche a las horas de sol puede resolver parte de la necesidad sin almacenamiento adicional.",{"type":622,"value":632},{"type":613,"tag":634,"attrs":694,"children":696},{"id":695},"capacidad-util",[697],{"type":622,"value":698},"Distingue capacidad nominal y útil",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":701,"children":702},{},[703],{"type":622,"value":704},"La capacidad nominal describe la energía de referencia de la batería. La útil indica lo que se permite extraer dentro de unas condiciones de uso. Además, puedes reservar una parte para emergencias y hay pérdidas al convertir la electricidad.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":707,"children":708},{},[709],{"type":622,"value":710},"Si la ficha ya declara capacidad útil, no vuelvas a descontar la profundidad de descarga que el fabricante haya incorporado a esa cifra. Sí debes tener en cuenta la reserva adicional que configures y el rendimiento del recorrido hasta los consumos.",{"type":622,"value":632},{"type":613,"tag":634,"attrs":713,"children":715},{"id":714},"ejemplo-dimensionado",[716],{"type":622,"value":717},"Un ejemplo con las hipótesis a la vista",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":720,"children":721},{},[722],{"type":622,"value":723},"Supongamos que queremos suministrar 6 kWh a los consumos de tarde y noche. Para comparar opciones usamos un rendimiento de descarga y conversión del 90 % y reservamos el 20 % de la capacidad útil para respaldo. Son hipótesis de cálculo, no valores garantizados de una marca.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":726,"children":727},{},[728],{"type":613,"tag":729,"attrs":730,"children":731},"strong",{},[732],{"type":622,"value":733},"Capacidad útil necesaria = 6 ÷ (0,90 × 0,80) = 8,33 kWh.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":736,"children":737},{},[738],{"type":622,"value":739},"Una batería con 8,33 kWh útiles podría entregar esos 6 kWh bajo las hipótesis anteriores si comienza el periodo suficientemente cargada. Esto no significa que tu tejado pueda llenarla todos los días.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":742,"attrs":743,"children":744},"table",{"class":742},[745,769],{"type":613,"tag":746,"attrs":747,"children":748},"thead",{},[749],{"type":613,"tag":750,"attrs":751,"children":752},"tr",{},[753,759,764],{"type":613,"tag":754,"attrs":755,"children":756},"th",{},[757],{"type":622,"value":758},"Hipótesis de consumo nocturno",{"type":613,"tag":754,"attrs":760,"children":761},{},[762],{"type":622,"value":763},"Sin reserva adicional, rendimiento 90 %",{"type":613,"tag":754,"attrs":765,"children":766},{},[767],{"type":622,"value":768},"Con reserva del 20 %, rendimiento 90 %",{"type":613,"tag":770,"attrs":771,"children":772},"tbody",{},[773,774,793,794,812,813,831],{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":750,"attrs":775,"children":776},{},[777,783,788],{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":779,"children":780},"td",{},[781],{"type":622,"value":782},"3 kWh",{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":784,"children":785},{},[786],{"type":622,"value":787},"3,33 kWh útiles",{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":789,"children":790},{},[791],{"type":622,"value":792},"4,17 kWh útiles",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":750,"attrs":795,"children":796},{},[797,802,807],{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":798,"children":799},{},[800],{"type":622,"value":801},"6 kWh",{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":803,"children":804},{},[805],{"type":622,"value":806},"6,67 kWh útiles",{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":808,"children":809},{},[810],{"type":622,"value":811},"8,33 kWh útiles",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":750,"attrs":814,"children":815},{},[816,821,826],{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":817,"children":818},{},[819],{"type":622,"value":820},"9 kWh",{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":822,"children":823},{},[824],{"type":622,"value":825},"10 kWh útiles",{"type":613,"tag":778,"attrs":827,"children":828},{},[829],{"type":622,"value":830},"12,50 kWh útiles",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":834,"children":835},{},[836],{"type":622,"value":837},"Para reponer los 6,67 kWh extraídos de la batería en el ejemplo central, un rendimiento de carga hipotético del 95 % exigiría unos 7,02 kWh de excedente disponible a la entrada del sistema de carga. Si solo hay 3 kWh, la batería no recuperará toda esa energía aunque aumentes su capacidad.",{"type":622,"value":632},{"type":613,"tag":634,"attrs":840,"children":842},{"id":841},"potencia-carga-descarga",[843],{"type":622,"value":844},"Comprueba también los kW",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":847,"children":848},{},[849],{"type":622,"value":850},"La capacidad determina cuánta energía cabe; la potencia determina a qué ritmo entra o sale. Una batería de 10 kWh no necesariamente puede alimentar una carga de 10 kW. El límite real lo ponen la batería, su sistema de gestión, el inversor y la configuración eléctrica.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":853,"children":854},{},[855],{"type":622,"value":856},"Por ejemplo, una salida continua limitada a 3 kW no cubriría por sí sola 4,5 kW de consumo simultáneo. Con red disponible, esta puede aportar la diferencia si el sistema lo permite. Durante un apagón, la respuesta dependerá del diseño de respaldo y de las cargas conectadas a él. Revisa el límite continuo y la duración admitida para los picos.",{"type":622,"value":632},{"type":613,"tag":634,"attrs":859,"children":861},{"id":860},"estaciones-rentabilidad",[862],{"type":622,"value":863},"Una simulación anual evita comprar capacidad ociosa",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":866,"children":867},{},[868],{"type":622,"value":869},"Compara al menos dos tamaños con la misma instalación solar y los mismos hábitos. Mira cuánta energía adicional utiliza el tamaño mayor durante el año, no solo cuánta almacena en un día despejado. Una capacidad extra que apenas se carga y descarga puede aportar poco ahorro.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":872,"children":873},{},[874,876,881],{"type":622,"value":875},"En España también importa el valor de los excedentes que dejarías de compensar al almacenarlos. La ",{"type":613,"tag":685,"attrs":877,"children":878},{"to":205},[879],{"type":622,"value":880},"compensación simplificada",{"type":622,"value":882}," tiene límites: calcula su efecto por periodo de facturación en lugar de aplicar un precio de exportación a toda la producción anual.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":885,"children":886},{},[887,889,898],{"type":622,"value":888},"Separa el ahorro económico del valor que atribuyes al respaldo. El ",{"type":613,"tag":890,"attrs":891,"children":895},"a",{"href":892,"target":893,"rel":894},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.victronenergy.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fpg\u002FEnergy_Storage_System\u002Fen\u002Fess-introduction---features.html","_blank","noopener noreferrer",[896],{"type":622,"value":897},"manual ESS de Victron",{"type":622,"value":899}," explica que un sistema puede reservar energía para emergencias y dedicar otra parte al autoconsumo. La proporción elegida cambia la capacidad disponible cada día.",{"type":622,"value":632},{"type":613,"tag":634,"attrs":902,"children":904},{"id":903},"que-pedir-presupuesto",[905],{"type":622,"value":906},"Qué debe incluir el presupuesto",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":909,"children":910},{},[911,913,918,920,925],{"type":622,"value":912},"Pide capacidad útil, potencia de carga y descarga, reserva configurada, pérdidas consideradas, previsión mensual y garantías. Si se propone ampliar más adelante, solicita las condiciones exactas del fabricante. Comprueba también la ",{"type":613,"tag":685,"attrs":914,"children":915},{"to":196},[916],{"type":622,"value":917},"compatibilidad de tensión",{"type":622,"value":919}," y la ",{"type":613,"tag":685,"attrs":921,"children":922},{"to":202},[923],{"type":622,"value":924},"instalación y legalización de la batería",{"type":622,"value":926},".",{"type":622,"value":632},{"type":613,"tag":634,"attrs":929,"children":931},{"id":930},"preguntas-frecuentes",[932],{"type":622,"value":933},"Preguntas frecuentes",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":936,"attrs":937,"children":939},"h3",{"id":938},"capacidad-familia",[940],{"type":622,"value":941},"¿Existe un tamaño adecuado para todas las familias?",{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":943,"children":944},{},[945],{"type":622,"value":946},"No. Dos hogares con igual consumo anual pueden tener horarios, excedentes y necesidades de respaldo muy distintos.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":936,"attrs":949,"children":951},{"id":950},"bateria-grande",[952],{"type":622,"value":953},"¿Es mejor instalar la batería más grande que pueda pagar?",{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":955,"children":956},{},[957],{"type":622,"value":958},"Solo si su capacidad adicional tiene un uso que justifique el coste. Compara energía aprovechada y ahorro incremental, no únicamente el precio por kWh de capacidad.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":936,"attrs":961,"children":963},{"id":962},"autonomia",[964],{"type":622,"value":965},"¿Con una batería dejo de necesitar la red?",{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":967,"children":968},{},[969],{"type":622,"value":970},"No necesariamente. Cubrir parte de la noche no equivale a sostener la vivienda durante varios días nublados. Además de capacidad, una instalación independiente necesita generación y un diseño apropiados.",{"type":622,"value":625},{"type":613,"tag":618,"attrs":973,"children":974},{},[975],{"type":613,"tag":976,"attrs":977,"children":978},"small",{},[979],{"type":622,"value":980},"Revisado el 7 de septiembre de 2026. Los números son ejemplos reproducibles y deben sustituirse por los datos del proyecto.",{"type":622,"value":625},[],[],{"div":584,"p":985,"h2":986,"ul":584,"li":987,"nuxt-link":987,"strong":584,"table":584,"thead":584,"tr":987,"th":988,"tbody":584,"td":989,"a":584,"h3":988,"small":584},21,7,4,3,9,[991,1001,1010,1020],{"id":992,"name":204,"slug":993,"uri":205,"shortDescription":994,"readingTime":995,"image":996},113,"compensacion-excedentes","Cómo funciona la compensación simplificada, qué ocurre al superar el límite y qué comprobar en el contrato y la primera factura.",5,{"x1":997,"x2":998,"webpX1":999,"webpX2":1000},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F113.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F113@2x.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F113.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F113@2x.webp",{"id":1002,"name":195,"slug":1003,"uri":196,"shortDescription":1004,"readingTime":995,"image":1005},110,"baterias-baja-alta-tension","Qué significan LV y HV, cómo influyen en el sistema y qué comprobar en el inversor, la potencia, la ampliación y la garantía.",{"x1":1006,"x2":1007,"webpX1":1008,"webpX2":1009},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F110.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F110@2x.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F110.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F110@2x.webp",{"id":1011,"name":1012,"slug":1013,"uri":283,"shortDescription":1014,"readingTime":987,"image":1015},73,"¿Se debe realizar un estudio de consumo previo a la instalación de paneles solares?","estudio-de-consumo","Un estudio de consumo permite contrastar la demanda horaria con la producción solar prevista. Reúne facturas y datos de la distribuidora para elegir una potencia con hipótesis claras.",{"x1":1016,"x2":1017,"webpX1":1018,"webpX2":1019},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F73.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F73@2x.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F73.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F73@2x.webp",{"id":1021,"name":48,"slug":1022,"uri":49,"shortDescription":1023,"readingTime":995,"image":1024},47,"baterias","Cómo elegir una batería solar en España: capacidad útil, potencia, compatibilidad, respaldo y presupuesto completo, con las condiciones de garantía a la vista.",{"x1":1025,"x2":1026,"webpX1":1027,"webpX2":1028},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F47.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F47@2x.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F47.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.solarplus.es\u002Ffiles\u002Fpages_featured\u002F47@2x.webp"]